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NETWORK INTERFACE CARD(NIC)

Network interface card(NIC) is the interface between the computer and network. every computer(server, host) on a network should have this nic card to access the network.
it is commanly reffered to as the Ethernet card, LAN card, network adapter.the figure shows the common NIC. used in a computer.

NIC card



LAN port and a RJ-45 connector


the first figure is the NIC card which used in the computers.in earlier computers the LAN card is as the expansion card. but  in the modern computers the LAN card or NIC card is as built-in with the motherboard.

the NIC cards used in server computers are more expensive. 

this NIC cards have a unique $* bit address called as MAC address ( media access control) address.this address is also called as physical address or hardware address. the length of the MAC address is 48 bits represented as 12 hexa-decimal digits. example 0016.D3FC.603F

NIC cards are also available in different speeds 10 MBPS(Ethernet), 100MBPS(Fast Ethernet), 1000mbps(gigabit Ethernet).

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